Which of the following flood hazards can result from ice jams?

Ice jams can lead to riverine flooding, particularly in river systems where ice accumulates and obstructs the flow of water. When an ice jam forms, it can cause water to back up behind the blockage. This accumulation of water can exceed the natural flow capacity of the river, leading to flooding upstream. Unlike other types of flooding, such as urban or coastal flooding, riverine flooding specifically pertains to the overflow of rivers and streams due to obstructions like ice.

Urban flooding may occur in areas where heavy rain or drainage issues impact streets and buildings, but it is not directly caused by ice jams. Coastal flooding is related to storm surges, high tides, and sea level rise, while flash flooding typically results from intense rainfall over a short period without the specific influence of ice blockages. Thus, the correct answer emphasizes the unique relationship between ice jams and riverine flood events.